Wednesday, January 22, 2020

Karl Marx :: Karl Marx Biography Essays

Karl Marx Karl Marx was the greatest thinker and philosopher of his time. His views on life and the social structure of his time revolutionized the way in which people think. He created an opportunity for the lower class to rise above the aristocrats and failed due to the creation of the middle class. Despite this failure, he was still a great political leader and set the basis of Communism in Russia. His life contributed to the way people think today, and because of him people are more open to suggestion and are quicker to create ideas on political issues. Karl Heinrich Marx was born May 5th, 1818 in Trier. Although he had three other siblings, all sisters, he was the favorite child to his father, Heinrich. His mother, a Dutch Jewess named Henrietta Pressburg, had no interest in Karl's intellectual side during his life. His father was a Jewish lawyer, and before his death in 1838, converted his family to Christianity to preserve his job with the Prussian state. When Heinrich's mother died, he no longer felt he had an obligation to his religion, thus helping him in the decision in turning to Christianity. Karl's childhood was a happy and care-free one. His parents had a good relationship and it help set Karl in the right direction." His ‘splendid natural gifts' awakened in his father the hope that they would one day be used in the service of humanity, whilst his mother declared him to be a child of fortune in whose hands everything would go well. (The story of his life, Mehring, page 2) In high school Karl stood out among the crowd. When asked to write a report on "How to choose a profession" he took a different approach. He took the angle in which most interested him, by saying that there was no way to choose a profession, but because of circumstances one is placed in an occupation. A person with a aristocratic background is more likely to have a higher role in society as apposed to someone from a much poorer background. While at Bonn at the age of eighteen he got engaged to Jenny von Westphalen, daughter of the upperclassmen Ludwig von Westphalen. She was the childhood friend of Marx's oldest sister, Sophie. The engagement was a secret one, meaning they got engaged without asking permission of Jenny's parents. Heinrich Marx was uneasy about this but before long the consent was given.

Monday, January 13, 2020

A Lost Lady – Essay

Set In Sweet Water, In the western plains, where Captain Forrester could comfortably transport â€Å"friends from Omaha or Denver over from the station in his democrat wagon† (5) to his stately home, a story unfolds that pits two worlds against each other–that of an Ideal past and that of the grim present. The narrator assumes the perspective of a third person omniscient, able to provide Insight Into characters' thoughts and motivations, and centers the novel on Marina Forrester and the men who surround her.Yet what seems to Interest Catcher irately in this work is the conflict between two generations of pioneer men in the West and resulting redefinition of manhood during the lamina period between the late 1 9th and early 20th centuries. Largely, Nile Herbert fascination with Marina Forrester and the men whom she attracts drives the novel, for Nile observes Marina through the years–with an interest that mirrors that of Wintergreen in Henry Sesame's Daisy Miller. Despite their age difference (he is 12 years old when he first meets Mrs..Forrester), Nile becomes enthralled with Marina as an image of Victorian mysticism during his youth. She becomes an â€Å"angel of the house,† happily greeting visitors in a disheveled dressing gown, with her hair partially coiffed, or toting baskets of freshly baked cookies to the neighborhood boys playing near the stream on the Forrester grounds. While Nile is still a boy, the Captain assumes the role of a great protector who chooses not to drain his fields for more productive land, but rather magnanimously allows the creek to run through his pasture, because he can afford to and because he admires the beauty of the place.This landscape becomes hemolytic, for when the Captain becomes ill and eventually dies, many changes take place at the homestead. For Catcher, the noble pioneer embodied by the Captain, who appreciates nature and values its beauty, finds replacement in the selfish modern man of Ivy P eters, who sees nature only In terms of resources waiting to be stripped and profits to be made. When Captain Forester's health weakens, Ivy Peters moves onto Forester's land and starts to assume his role as the dominant male In the household, replacing the grand, strong figure of the older railroad man.Ivy makes the session to drain the Forrester' meadowland, Instead planting wheat that will then be harvested and cut down. Catcher writes: â€Å"All the way from Missouri to the mountains this generation of shrewd, young men, trained to petty economies by hard times, would do exactly what Peters had done when he drained the Forrester marsh† (90). Here, Ivy acts as a symbol of a new generation of ruthless â€Å"shrewd young men† who ravage the landscape and strip the feminizes earth of her resources.Yet Ivy will not only dominate the land; the beautiful woman, like the beautiful land, also Decodes a target AT exploration. Marlin Forrester Decodes Immediately Keenan to a bird when Nile returns after being away for two years from the Forrester and the town in which they live. When Nile first greets Marina, he does so by clasping her in his arms while she lay on a hammock, â€Å"like a bird caught in a net† (92).This image of a bird becomes instrumental in Marina's relationship to Ivy; if Marina is the bird, then is the cruel male who will mutilate her and show her his dominance increasingly. That Catcher would use this image of a bird in reference to Marina, after roving her reader with a dramatic scene of cruelty and abuse when Peters uses a tool from a taxidermy kit to slice the eyes of a female woodpecker he has captured in his hands, while calling her â€Å"Miss Female,† stands as something more than coincidence.When the reader examines Ivy's treatment of Mrs.. Forrester, one sees that she becomes more and more dependent on him and therefore must tolerate his disrespectful behavior. â€Å"Poison Ivy† will become the scourge t hat ravages the â€Å"forest† found in Marina Forrest(ere), subtly spreading and taking over her land. A casting image of Marina emerges from the story she tells about how she and Captain Forrester became married.When Marina describes the scene in which she, crippled with two broken legs, is carried out of the ravine by men who took alternate turns in bearing her weight, an image of Captain Forrester holding the broken body of his wife reveals the Captain's comfort in taking care of a dependent woman. Marina's dependence does not threaten the Captain but draws them together. Marina submits to Captain Forrester and trusts that he will take care of her, for he represents the idealized image of masculinity that countered the Victorian â€Å"angel of the house† as the strong, dominant provider.After her husband's death, which leaves her disoriented like the blinded bird, without the Captain to carry her or give her a strong sense of noble masculinity from which to contrast herself, she must redefine her feminine female subject position against a new kind of male. Just as the new, modern male will exploit land and women, so will Marina learn to use her beauty as a commodity, in order to gain financial security within an increasingly commercialism world of men.

Sunday, January 5, 2020

Gender Differences in Levels of Stress and Coping Styles...

Abstract The aim of the study was to examine how men and women differed in levels of stress and coping styles. One hundred and seventy-nine first-year Psychology students from Swinburne University completed an online questionnaire. The Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (Lovibond Lovibond, 1995) and subscales of the Brief COPE (Carver, 1997) together with demographic questions were completed to measure stress and responsive cope. The hypothesis that women would report higher stress levels and use more negative coping than men was supported. Although, no support was indicated for women’s higher use of positive cope. It was concluded women suffer more stress than men and use varied coping strategies. Future research should compare†¦show more content†¦166 married couples were measured on anxiety, hostility and depressive emotions as well as a daily stressors checklist. The data from participants was self-recorded and retrospective. Results indicated that women reported more da ys of high distress with the continuation and onset more likely. The study did not investigate how men and women appraise daily events. Ben-Zur and Zeidner (1996), replicating their own study, tested Matud’s (2004) theory on socialization and role constraint without the limitation of retrospective data. The study compared patterns of coping reactions with coping strategies in 600 adult respondents (228 men and 372 women) during war (stressful circumstance) and after war (daily routine). It was predicted that the socialization hypotheses would see women use more emotion focused responses whereas the role constraint hypotheses would see similar responses. Results indicated that during war, women scored higher than men on 12 out of 15 subscales of coping. Women adopted a higher use of positive problem solving strategies such as active planning, favoured outlook and engaging social support related to family and home. Further, women used a wider range of coping strategies, but suffered higher anxiety than men. Men reported more coping responses such as venting, denial and acceptance of their circumstances, althoug h the war situation was byShow MoreRelatedEssay about 2301 Final Exam Workbook 2 6510 Words   |  27 PagesINTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Objective 1.1 Define psychology. Key Terms Psychology- scientific study of behavior and mental processes Exercises 1. Put a check mark by each statement that is true regarding psychology. _√____ Psychologists study human behavior. _√____ Psychologists study animal behavior. _ √___ Psychologists study emotions and mental processes. _____ Psychology and common sense lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental processes. _____ Psychology is not a scienceRead More2301 Final Exam Workbook Essay6573 Words   |  27 Pagesï » ¿CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION TO PSYCHOLOGY Objective 1.1 Define psychology. Psychology is defined as the scientific study of behavior and mental processes. Key Terms psychology Exercises 1. Put a check mark by each statement that is true regarding psychology. ___X__ Psychologists study human behavior. ___X__ Psychologists study animal behavior. ___X__ Psychologists study emotions and mental processes. _____ Psychology and common sense lead to the same conclusions about behavior and mental processesRead MoreSocial Stress And Its Impact On The Classroom9865 Words   |  40 Pagesthem with an experimental study that I have now successfully piloted with 50 participants. This new study addresses Panel concerns about the conceptualization of weight stigma and concerns that the manipulated construct might have been general social stress or rejection rather than weight stigma specifically. I have added a follow-up point in the experience sampling study to assess weight so as to test the entire model. I have taken to heart the criticism that perceived overweight status is an imperfectRead MorePerceived Stress Factors12999 Words   |  52 PagesITS SETTING Introduction Rationale Stress is defined as a perceptual phenomenon arising from a comparison between the demand on the person and his or her ability to cope (T. Cox 1978). An imbalance in this mechanism, when coping is important, gives rise to the experience of stress, and to the stress response. In his excellent book â€Å"The Stress Myth†, Richard Ecker (1985) maintains that it is wrong to say that your job, marriage, or other parts of your life are â€Å"stress filled†. Your life, says Ecker,Read MoreFactors Affecting the Academic Performance of the Students3891 Words   |  16 PagesJournal Publisher: Global Journals Inc. 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To cite this article: Kara Wolfe Hyun Jeong Kim (2013): Emotional Intelligence, Job Satisfaction, and Job Tenure among Hotel Managers, Journal of Human Resources in Hospitality Tourism, 12:2, 175-191 To link to this article: http://dxRead MoreWork-Life Balance : a Comparative Study of South-East Asian Countries6004 Words   |  25 PagesABSTRACT TITLE : Work-life balance : A comparative study of South-East Asian Countries Work-life balance is a concept that has demanded attention for several years. It is highly relevant as people attempt to divide time to the myriad demands of both work and life. The multiplicity of demands that individuals have can increase this challenge as people strive to incorporate many more activities into lives. Previous empirical research has examined work-life balance in depth. The research includesRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. 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Fall, Stephanie Kelly, Patrick MacDonald, Charles Primm and Whitney Holmes Business Communication Quarterly 2013 76: 412 originally published online 18 September 2013 DOI: 10.1177/1080569913501861 The online version of this article can be found at: http://bcq.sagepub.com/content/76/4/412 Published by: http://www.sagepublicationsRead MoreBusiness4225 Words   |  17 PagesThe African Symposium: An online journal of the African Educational Research Network MANAGING BULLYING PROBLEMS IN NIGERIAN SECONDARY SCHOOLS: SOME COUNSELLING INTERVENTIONS FOR IMPLEMENTATION Oyaziwo Aluede Ambrose Alli University Abstract Bullying problem has remained pervasive and a going concern for all stakeholders of education who desire to make school climate a safe haven. This paper is moved by this desire, by bringing into context the meaning of bullying and prevalence of bullying around

Saturday, December 28, 2019

Case Study Walmart s Operations Management - 1202 Words

Have you ever wonder what does it take to operate a big corporation, business or an organization? I have sometimes wondered what would be like to own and what it would take to run a big corporation. I can imagine that running a big corporation would be difficult and it would take a lot of effort to have a successful corporation. Since it is a big corporation I was mostly interested in learning more about the Walmart Corporation. Walmart’s operations management covers a mixture of concepts that focus on managing the supply chain and inventory, as well as sales performance2. The company has become successful because it follows an effective performance in operations management2. This paper will be giving some information about Walmart and how it came to be. Also, there will be an analysis of the different business operations as they are implemented in the corporation and they will be compared to an optimal operating procedure. Background How did the corporation Walmart become who it is today? Sam Walton was the founder of Walmart. Sam Walton was born in 1918 in Kingfisher, Oklahoma1. At the age of 24 Sam joined the US military, being in service for only 3 years Sam’s service ended 1945. Sam got married to Helen Robson in 1943, after Sam’s military service was over they moved to Iowa and then to Newport, Arkansas. After living 5 years in Newport Sam and Helen moved to Bentonville. Once they came accommodated in the new city Sam opened up a Walton’s 510 on the downtownShow MoreRelatedCase Study : Supply Chain Management1028 Words   |  5 PagesSUPPLY CHAIN MANAGEMENT IN RETIAL INDUSTRY: CONCEPTS, STRATEGIES AND WALMART CASE STUDY Mian Wang CID: 01090728 Imperial College Business School, MSc Management ABSTRACT With the rapid increase of operation cost and fast development of E-commence in today’s retail industry, traditional operation management models are antiquated. Companies attempt to enhance competitive capacity through management innovation, and an increasing amount of attention is paid to their supply chain management for theRead MoreWalmart 32Nd St. Has Two Primary Warehouses Located In997 Words   |  4 PagesWalmart 32nd St. has two primary warehouses located in Arizona, Buckey and Casa Grande. The store receives from 1 to 2 trucks per day with products ready to be out for sell, and 1 truck with products that are placed in the store’s warehouse. Walmart 32nd St. does not have any other type of inbound logistics because the store does not make any products, the store receives all products ready for sale. The store outbound logistics is basically the waste that the store produces, rarely the store sendsRead MoreThe Relationship Between Unique Resources and Competitiv e Advantage for Mega-Retailers1773 Words   |  7 Pagesthat provide improved efficiencies and economies that facilitate firm performance and profitability. In some cases, competitive advantages are readily apparent while in other cases such attributes may be less easily discernible. To gain some fresh insights into this area with respect to the global retailing sector, this paper provides a review of the relevant literature concerning Walmart, Carrefour and Tesco to determine the extent to which their respective competitive advantages are due to theRead MoreWhat Leadership Behaviors And Management Systems Support This New Way Of Working? Essay1731 Words   |  7 Pagesthe organization s kin. For sure, it is an interesting generation and administration model. ________________________________________ WHAT LEADERSHIP BEHAVIORS AND MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS SUPPORT THIS NEW WAY OF WORKING? Not just did Mario backing and support the change, yet he likewise was the genuine maker and motor of the utilization of incline at Pietro Fiorentini. The bolster he gave was not constrained to authority advancing an incline venture, as it is frequently the case in the normal hierarchicalRead MoreWalmart Case Analysis : Walmart922 Words   |  4 Pages WALMART CASE STUDY Walmart revolutionised the department store structure by drawing consumers away from the classical approach into an urban utopia. Walmart has a high distribution footprint, on average, since 1962 Walmart has acquired 125 stores each year, making them a monumental player in the department store industry. Walmart started as a monopoly occupying the entire market as the original mass commercial outlet. For some time, Walmart was considered a hypercompetitive environment becauseRead MoreSupply Chain Management Is A Process Which Requires Precise1366 Words   |  6 PagesSupply chain management is a process which requires precise efficiency for smooth business practice. Efficient supply chain management can separate companies within an industry and deliver impressive results with net positive effects. The theme of supply chain management requires the effective use of assets to satisfy customer needs. Components include, the flow of goods, the transportation of products, labor usage, ware house/inventory management, aggregate planning, and etc. Given recent technologyRead MoreCase Study : Walmart Case Study1252 Words   |  6 Pages Walmart case study To start of my case study, I’ll give you a brief history of Walmart’s background and what they do as a company, I will reiterate some of their contributing to society. I’ll also touch on some of the information I learned in the article and my take on it. Per the case study article Wal-Mart is the largest retail store in the United States, and is larger than any other retail chain in the world. Currently Wal-Mart operates over 4Read MoreBusiness Model Evaluation : Wal Mart s Global Logistics Empire Essay704 Words   |  3 PagesEconomics Management Strategy 5(1): 5–24. Brea-Solà ­s, H., Casadesus-Masanell, R. and Grifell-Tatjà ©, E, 2014, Business Model Evaluation: Quantifying Walmart s Sources of Advantage. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 9(1), pp.12-33 Casadesus-Masanell R, Ricart JE, 2010, From strategy to business model and onto tactics, Long Range Planning 43(2): 195–215. Casadesus-Masanell R, Zhu F, 2010, Strategies to fight ad-sponsored rivals, Management Science 56(9): 1484–1499. Chan, A, (2011), Walmart in ChinaRead MoreWalmart : A Largest National Retailer1715 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Walmart is a Retail company founded in July 2 of 1962 by Sam Walton at the city Rogers, Arkansas in the USA. According to the Fortune Global 500 (Fortune, 2014), it’s the company with the biggest total revenue in the world and it is a family-owned business managed by the Walton family. 10 years after its foundation, the company was already listed on the Stock Exchange of New York while operates in five states, in 1988 it became the most profitable retailer in the USA and by the 90’s WalmartRead MoreWalmart658 Words   |  3 PagesWalmart was founded in 1962 and by 1990’s grew into the biggest retailer in the United States. Many business organizations such as Walmart invest heavily in information systems to achieve the following strategic business objectives: operational excellence; new products, services, and business models; customer and supplier intimacy; improved decision-making, competitive advantage; and survival. Successful attainment of these objectives aids company in implementing corporate strategies and achieving

Friday, December 20, 2019

A Short Story A Story - 1746 Words

â€Å"I’m off to work!† Cole shouts to his parents as he closes the house door behind him. Today is his first day of work, and he is very excited. When Cole moved to the city, he found a job at one of the factories, and being inspired by machinery, he applied and was accepted. Cole is 17 years old, and is tall with black hair and a thin build. As a kid, he loved school, and would go voluntarily unlike some of his classmates, and so he is expecting great things from his first job. From his house, Cole starts walking down the main street of the city. People bustle all around him, and he is shoved in all directions. Desperate to get out of the flow of pedestrians, Cole pushes through to the side of the road, out of the way. I can finally rest,†¦show more content†¦The scale of the city was astonishing, and it sucked the words out of Cole’s mouth. He rapidly stands up, suddenly realizing he is late for work, and sprints down the many streets to his job. Fortunately, Cole makes it just as the deafening bell of the factory rings, signaling all workers to start working. A burly man paces towards Cole. â€Å"I assume you are the new worker, ey lad?† he says, â€Å"Name’s Bryce. I’m your foreman during your time at this factory. I expect great things from you. Now, go see ol’ Tim over there by the spinning jenny and he’ll tell you what to do.† â€Å"Yes, sir,† Cole replies. He quickly walks over to the man Bryce designated. â€Å"Excuse me,† he asks, â€Å"I was told to talk to you so that you could show me around.† â€Å"Aye, that I can,† Tim affirms, â€Å"Follow me, boy.† Tim brings Cole around to the machine Bryce mentioned. â€Å"This here’s the spinning jenny. It’s what we use to spin our cloth, and this one’s the best on the market. Thank James Hargreave for it. But, let’s move on, we don’t have time to waste. Your work won’t involve it anyways,† he explains before moving forward around 25 meters and stopping in front of another large machine. â€Å"This one here is†¦Ã¢â‚¬  â€Å"Oh, I know this one!† Cole exclaims, â€Å"This one’s called the power loom and it’s was invented by Edmund Cartwright, right? I heard from my friend that weaves four times as fast as a weaver. That’s amazing.† â€Å"Yes, it is. Frankly, this one’s my favorite.† Tim says, but then he smacks ColeShow MoreRelatedShort Story : The Story Of The Story1264 Words   |  6 PagesSuicide mention near the end of the story, please do not read if you are not ok with things like that. It was a beautiful day at the beach. He had been planning their date for weeks. The war had ended and he finally had a chance to spend time with her. He watches her beautiful blonde ringlets bounce as she walked. Her smile was like the sun itself. Hey Seaweed Brain. She grinned. Wise Girl. He greeted her back. She was looking quite distant so he decided to ask what was wrong. What are youRead MoreA Short Story : A Story Of A Story1091 Words   |  5 Pagesher, anyone could tell that it sounded forced. â€Å"That’s nice,† I replied. What? Was I supposed to tell her that I was so thrilled to be her sister because that’s the ‘normal’ thing to do? If you think that, you’ve forgotten that this is not a normal story. If normal is what you’re looking for, you’re welcome to transition to Amelia by Henry Fielding. My mother left Lucinda and me to share Eleanors room, while she had been forced to adjust to the attic. You may think that it would be cruel to haveRead MoreA Short Story : The Story Of The Story1011 Words   |  5 PagesIt is a rainy afternoon, KYOKO OTONASHI is sitting in the classroom as the teacher is giving a lecture in front of the room. Her phone buzzes and she takes it out to check it.Dads messageTheres been another murder, come to the station as soon as possible.Kyokos textI will, after class ends.The bell rings, Kyoko puts her books into her bag and head towards the entrance of the school.As she approaches the exit, she notices that the rain is quite heavy. She doesnt have an umbrella and hesitatesRead MoreA Story Of A Short Story1228 Words   |  5 PagesHi. My name is Chelsea and this is a short story from my life. Now, I am not really good at talking about my life because I feel like there really is not much to discuss. However, I am going to tell you about the hardes t thing that I have had to overcome. It is upsetting and sometimes hard to talk about, but I have learned the most from this than I have anything else. It is something that constantly clouds my train of thought and sometimes leaves me at a loss. You see, it all happened six yearsRead MoreA Short Story : A Story?725 Words   |  3 Pagesstarted to walk off. â€Å"But grand...† he was gone from site. I started to get real nervous and started to pick another scab on my knee. Marco was the long time manager here, and for some reason would always chat with grandpa for at least an hour. He was a short man that always had strong pulled back gell in his hair, with a large belt to pull up his shaggy tan pants. I could see Grandpa and Marco starting toward me out of my peripheral vision. Marco with the litter and Grandpa had the long grin on his faceRead MoreA Short Story : A Story?1181 Words   |  5 Pages ~I went to school was hanging out with my friends came home and had a nice dinner with my family and went to sleep at the sounds of the wind blowing through the trees, woke up to birds chirping~ then I actually woke up give me the remote! yelled my sister. No my brother shouted. â€Å"Its my turn, GIVE IT BACK! Thats what I woke up to every morning. Got myself breakfast because dad went to work and mom wasnt awake and walked to the bus. I satRead MoreA Short Story : The Story Of A Story862 Words   |  4 PagesThis was a story of how a girl was finding mysteries and solving them CONCLUSION The red scarfed girl wanted the girl to try out for a dance team but her grandma dad and mom didn’t want her to do the try out because they think the pressure i gonna make the girl cry but the girl doesn’t care about the pressure after the girl laughed but when she got there she was scared she didn’t want to show her face then the teacher said what’s wrong and she stuttered and said i am not going then she bowed andRead MoreA Short Story : A Story?2191 Words   |  9 Pagesgoing to be in? Hows your relationship with Tom going? Look over here! Paparazzi shouted at you while being blinded by the flashes. Hold on, Im getting ahead of myself, getting to where you are now wasnt easy and I mustnt forget to tell the story. It all started with a dream a little girl had, to see herself on the big screen. three years ago ABIGAIL WAKE UP YOURE GOING TO BE LATE FOR SCHOOL. My mum says. You roll over to check the time and I see its 7:30. Its only 7:30 school startsRead Moreshort story1018 Words   |  5 Pagesï » ¿Short Stories:  Ã‚  Characteristics †¢Short  - Can usually be read in one sitting. †¢Concise:  Ã‚  Information offered in the story is relevant to the tale being told.  Ã‚  This is unlike a novel, where the story can diverge from the main plot †¢Usually tries to leave behind a  single impression  or effect.  Ã‚  Usually, though not always built around one character, place, idea, or act. †¢Because they are concise, writers depend on the reader bringing  personal experiences  and  prior knowledge  to the story. Four MajorRead MoreStory Analysis : A Short Story1150 Words   |  5 PagesThe Short Story Analysis Short stories can share themes, motifs, symbols, consequences, and plot lines, even if there is never any intention to share a common element between the stories. The stories can be written close together or in different decades and still be linked to the one another. They can also be worlds apart with different meanings in the end, but that does not stop them from having similar ideas expressed within them. The following three stories, â€Å"Lagoon† by Joseph Conrad, â€Å"The Rocking

Thursday, December 12, 2019

Antiquity Poem

Question: Choose two sonnets from the textbook. Ideally, these two should focus on interpersonal relationships. Compare and contrast how each sonnet discusses an individual's obligation to love or desire an other. In other words, what do these two sonnets say about how love and desire should be enacted? Answer: The antiquity of the poetic form had been refined by the representation of the two most significant poets, Petrarch and Shakespeare through sonnets. The consolidation of technicality is vastly articulated by expressing lyrically the theme of love by their most preserved poems, cherishing love. While, Francesco Petrarch had experimented with the traditional sonnet structure to define it into a more constructive form, consisting of octave and sestave, William Shakespeare used the structure of his Sonnet in a more conventionalized form to celebrate his love poetry, by employing three quatrains and one couplet (Davis, 2002). I have ensured two most commemorated poems: Petrarch's Sonnet 140 and Sonnet 130 of Shakespeare, to point out the contrasting features of desiring love in uncomely terms. Petrarchs poetry is mostly dedicated to courtly love to idolize the love and hope of his life called Laura. Unlike Petrarch, Shakespeare has designed his sonnets into two lovers: fair youth and dark lady. The two entitled poems of the two poets have different visions of love. In Petrarch sonnet no 140, he has adored his beloved in his imagination which is platonic and based, truly on contemplation from a distantance. The following literal prose: Amor, che nel penser mio vive e regna E 'l suo seggio maggior nel mio cor tene Has a significant connotation that love has its own terms to reign in the heart of a lover. Here the lover has modest thoughts even after losing his lady, forever. As she teaches him to be strong and self-effacing under any unfavorable circumstances, the lover restrains his evil desires to keep every promise he made. The principle of love is highlighted in a dignified way and every burning hope is disdained by the lover himself (Edwards, 2015). According to his belief, a love can be eulogized, if a lover accepts every possible condition of love, in an affirmative approach. He cannot survive the battle of love, if his lady love abandoned him for the sake of being afraid. He can only wish to be strong to accept the lamentation which covers his heart for the rest of his life. To many researchers, Petrarchs way of love is untainted and defines love which is invented for the sake of his beloved Laura (Forti and Bermann, 1991). In a unique contrast to Petrarch, Shakespeare has expressed reciprocal love form, for both the lovers in love. Basically, sonnet 130 is a conventional love sonnet which has eternalized the beauty of the lover by establishing many facts of comparison to other beauties. For example, My mistress eyes are nothing like the sun; Coral is far more red than her lips red; Here the eyes, lips, cheeks and even forehead and breasts of the lover is memorialized to sun, coral, dun-colored, white snow and black wires. The lover is astonished with the beauty of his lover and compares her with goddess, as he cannot be more pleased than before. Every stated comparison has been invoked to establish the described beauty of his mistress (Hedley and Roche, 1990). The early editor believes that the sonnet represents, simply the face value of the mistress over love of the lover. As the poem, actually compliments the qualities of the lover and physicality: this is highly expressed to give an erotized form to exhibit love in a youthful stage. It is remarkably true, that Shakespeare has neither used allusion nor grandiose metaphor to evoke ordinary humanly beauty. His theme is typical love poetry which has all the elements to mock traditional Petrarchan sonnet (Ribes, 2012). Thus, Shakespeare has ensured every technique to portray his way of parody of the Petrarchs famous sonnet. The poet had idolized his love Laura in series of extraordinary metaphors which was beyond human expectations and not accepted in Shakespeares time. But Shakespeare has embraced one popular theme called consuming love which is highly celebrated in Petrarchan sonnet. In many ways, the sonnets of Shakespeare have reversed the conventions of love which was the fundamental theme of the Petrarchan love sequence. He has denied the traditional form to express the beauty of the mistress and focus on the intentions which invoke love. It is interesting to note that the literary figure known as dark lady of Shakespeare is inspired from the Petrarchan sole lo ver, Laura (Trueman, 1974). The sonnet of Petrarch is focused to established love to single lover with a heart as pure as gold but obviously, has some touch of eroticized expressions to give volume to that expressed love. Shakespeare on the other hand, has reciprocated love from many and to cherish the beauty of the youth, created to eternize. References Davis, D. (2002). A Petrarchan Sonnet. The Yale Review, 90(3), 45-45. doi:10.1111/0044-0124.00629 Edwards, R. (2015). Petrarchan Narratives: Representation and Hermeneutics. MLN, 130(1), 1-23. doi:10.1353/mln.2015.0004 Forti-Lewis, A., Bermann, S. (1991). The Sonnet over Time: A Study in the Sonnets of Petrarch, Shakespeare, and Baudelaire. Italica, 68(2), 220. doi:10.2307/479856 Hedley, J., Roche, T. (1990). Petrarch and the English Sonnet Sequences. Renaissance Quarterly, 43(3), 638. doi:10.2307/2862584 Ribes, P. (2012). Teaching Petrarchan and Anti-Petrarchan Discourses in Early Modern English Lyrics. IJHE, 1(1). doi:10.5430/ijhe.v1n1p62 Trueman, A. (1974). Sonnet 130 and the Aeneid. Shakespeare Quarterly, 25(1), 129. doi:10.2307/2868892

Wednesday, December 4, 2019

American Siblings By Shephard Essay Example For Students

American Siblings By Shephard Essay True West is an intense dramatization of the relationship between two brothers:Lee and Austin. As each scene progresses, the brothers rivalry and animositytowards each other become more and more apparent, building towards a singleemotionally involving climax. Throughout the play, the characters undergo subtlechanges as each brother subconsciously attempts to absorb the part of the otherbrothers life which he feels might complete him. This role reversal is thepivotal instrument in which Sam Sheppard shows the intensity of sibling rivalry. The play starts en medea res. Lee and Austin have not talked to each other insome time, and Lee obviously resents Austin. In the conversation Lee almost hassomething to prove to Austin. A few sentences into the conversation, Austinsestimation of Lee and Lees hostile resentment of this view become apparent:AUSTIN: Ive got too much to deal with here to be worrying about? LEE: Yernot gonna have to worry about me! Ive been doin all right without you. I havent been anywhere near you for five years! Now isnt that true? (P. 8)Austin clearly thinks of his brother as a responsibility, and does not think ofhim as an equal, much less as someone who can take care of himself. For Lee onthe other hand, being looked down upon by his younger brother is insulting. Lees reaction to his brother is immediately defensive. When the subject ofLee staying at their mothers house comes up, Lee snaps at Austin: AUSTIN:Well, you can stay here as long as Im here. LEE: I dont need yourpermission do I? And later, LEE: She mightve just as easily asked me to takecare of her place as you. AUSTIN: Thats right. LEE: I mean I know how towater plants. (P.7) Throughout this scene, Lees hostile attitude towardsAustin constantly disrupts the flow of the conversation, and is a continualreminder that these two men have an unresolved internal conflict. Both brothersrealize that they each come from two different walks of life, but it is Austinwho chooses to believe that his way of life is superior. While Austin has, asLee puts it, the wife and kiddiesthe house, the car, the wholeslam(p.9), we never discover if Lee owns anything at all, or is just atransient burglar. Lee has much to be jealous of in Austin. Austin, however, hasvery little to be jealous of in Lee. Lee is a thief who hasnt ever settleddown into anything. In this first scene, the overall emphasis of power betweenthe brothers is material possessions, and Austin definitely has the power overLee. The first scene defines each character and what they are. Austin is anambitious man who wants very badly to finish his movie script and sell it. Hesays to his scripting agent, Ive got everything riding on this, Saul. Youknow that. Its my only shot. If this falls through(P. 35). At the sametime he is very patient and timid with his brother. Lee is very competitive,emotionally explosive and content to scrape by with the minimum of money. Hedoes not feel that he is socially fit to live in a social community, as he says:LEE: This is the last time I try to live with people! (P. 46) And later, LEE:Hey, do you actually think I chose to live out in the middle a nowhere? Do ya?Ya think its some kinda philosophical decision I took or somethin?Im livin out there ?cause I cant make it here! (P. 49) The first major change in one of the brothers is in Austin. After Austins agent offersLee a deal which Austin was hoping to get, Austin almost refuses to believe it. .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .postImageUrl , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:hover , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:visited , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:active { border:0!important; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:active , .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4 .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .uba4f58544f40ee964161d421baff2db4:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Exercise 4: Endocrine System Physiology EssayWhen Lee needs Austin to be his writer, Austin becomes adamantly against Lee,and furiously tries to talk his agent out of the deal with Lee. Throughout theplay until this point, Lees dialogue has been considerably lengthier thanAustins has. In this scene, Austins dialogue is explosive in its lengthwhen compared with Lees sparse one liners. This change marks the end of theway things used to be for them. Austins reaction to his brother is not thetimid, patient person who we met in the first scene. In contrast, while Lee isbeing a little more ambitious and social than we have been led to believe henormally is, the major change is t hat it is Lee who is calm and timid whenAustin becomes infuriated: AUSTIN: Yeah, well you can afford to give me apercentage on the outline then. And you better get the genius here an agentbefore he gets burned. LEE: Sauls gonna be my agent. Isnt that right,Saul? (P.34) While these behavioral changes dont necessarily mean that thebrothers roles have switched, in scene seven, role changing is blatantlyobvious. In a reversal of the plays opening scene, Lee is trying to write thedraft of his story, and Austin is the constant disruption: LEE: (slams fist ontable) Hey! Knock it off will ya! Im tryin to concentrate here. AUSTIN:(laughs) Youre tryin to concentrate? LEE: Shut up will ya! And later,LEE: Im a screenwriter now! Im legitimate. (P.37) Lees cry that he islegitimate shows that he has been more concerned with his illegitimatepast than he has let on. He wants to be part of society, and he thinks he hasfinally found an outlet for that part of himself in his brothers life. Whenhe tells his brother that he is legitimate and a screenwriter, he isreally trying to convince himself. For Austin, his Lee has been more successfulin Austins business than Austin has, and in just a few days. His rivalry isdetermined to fight back, You really dont think I could steal a crumbytoaster? How much you wanna bet I cant steal a toaster! (P.38)Austins assimilation of Lee is apparent in other ways as well, as he beginsto sound more and more like his brother: AUSTIN: Dont worry about me. Imnot the one to worry about. (P. 38) And later, AUSTIN: I can take care amyself. Dont worry about me. (P. 39) In foreshadowing, Austin later says,Yeah, well we all sound alike when were sloshed. We just sorta echoeach other.(P.39) Each of the brothers has taken on characteristics of theother brother, and they each learn something about themselves in the process. With the culmination of the tense last scene, Lee realizes that he is not meantto live like Austin, and he knows that Austin wouldnt be able to live withhim on the desert. When Austin snaps, and begins choking Lee, he makes an almostcomplete role reversal. His own greed and disregard for others leads him toattack his own brother, whom he has subconsciously used for a role modelthroughout the play. Lee on the other hand becomes more focused and calm as theplay proceeds. With the unresolved ending, the play leaves the resolution of thetwo brothers up to speculation. While neither of the brothers knows what willhappen to themselves, their mother says it best, I see. Well, youll allwind up on the same desert sooner or later.(P53) Neither of the brothers hasacted in a particularly normal fashion throughout the play, and it is only whentheir mother comes home that they realize they have trashed the house. Theexchange of culture between the two brothers not only allows each brother toglimps e into the others life, but also creates a chaotic environment in whichthe brothers become overcome with sibling rivalry.